SKRIPSI KARYA PENCIPTAAN FILM DOKUMENTER EXPOSITORY WÚSHĒNG DE JÌYÌ (JEJAK SEJARAH ETNIS TIONGHOA DI PARIAMAN)

Abstrak

Penciptaan film dokumenter Wúshēng De Jìyì (Memori Tanpa Suara) ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keresahan masyarakat Kota Pariaman terhadap hilangnya jejak keberadaan Etnis Tionghoa yang dahulu pernah menjadi bagian penting dari jaringan perdagangan di Pantai Barat Sumatera. Kehadiran Etnis Tionghoa di Pariaman sejak abad ke-17 berakhir pasca Tragedi Kanso 1945, yang memicu eksodus besar-besaran komunitas tersebut ke kota-kota lain seperti Padang, Padang Panjang, dan Bukittinggi. Meski populasi mereka tidak lagi menetap di Pariaman, jejak fisik berupa kompleks makam Tionghoa, bangunan toko lama, dan arsip sejarah masih dapat ditelusuri hingga kini. Penciptaan karya ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan dan mengungkap keberadaan sejarah Etnis Tionghoa di Pariaman melalui peninggalan-peninggalan tersebut, sekaligus melestarikan warisan sejarah yang hampir terlupakan dan memperkuat pemahaman tentang harmoni multikultural sebagai fondasi identitas bangsa. Metode penciptaan meliputi tahap persiapan (riset pustaka, studi dokumen, observasi, dan wawancara), perancangan (penentuan konsep, pemilihan narasumber, penulisan sinopsis dan treatment), serta perwujudan karya dalam bentuk audio visual. Film ini menerapkan gaya dokumenter Expository dengan konsep Voice of God, di mana narator menjadi penutur tunggal yang menyampaikan narasi secara objektif, informatif, dan terstruktur. Pembahasan dibagi menjadi tiga segmen berdasarkan tokoh, periode, dan peristiwa, dengan menghadirkan tiga narasumber ahli sejarah dan penulis terkait Tragedi Kanso. Hasil penciptaan menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan ekspositori dan narasi Voice of God efektif menyampaikan fakta sejarah secara akurat sekaligus menghadirkan pengalaman emosional bagi penonton mengenai jejak Etnis Tionghoa di Pariaman

The creation of this documentary film, Wúshēng De Jìyì (Memories Without Sound), is motivated by the public's lingering curiosity in Pariaman City regarding the disappearance of the Chinese ethnic community, which once played an important role in the trade network along the West Coast of Sumatra. The presence of the Chinese ethnic community in Pariaman, dating back to the 17th century, came to an end following the 1945 Kanso Tragedy, which triggered a mass exodus of the community to other cities such as Padang, Padang Panjang, and Bukittinggi. Although the population no longer resides in Pariaman, physical traces in the form of a Chinese cemetery complex, old shophouses, and historical archives can still be found today. This creative work aims to prove and reveal the historical presence of the Chinese ethnic community in Pariaman through these remaining heritage sites, while also preserving a nearly forgotten historical legacy and strengthening the understanding of multicultural harmony as a foundation of national identity. The creation method consists of the preparation stage (literature research, document study, observation, and interviews), the design stage (concept determination, selection of informants, and writing of synopsis and treatment), and the realization stage in the form of an audio-visual work. This film applies the Expository documentary mode with the Voice of God concept, in which a narrator serves as the sole storyteller delivering the narration in an objective, informative, and structured manner. The discussion is divided into three segments based on figures, periods, and events, featuring three informants: a historian specializing in Chinese ethnic history, a historian focusing on trade port issues on the west coast of Sumatra, and a journalist and author who wrote about the Kanso Tragedy. The results show that the expository approach and the Voice of God narration effectively convey historical facts accurately while also presenting an emotional experience for the audience regarding the traces left by the Chinese ethnic community in Pariaman